Making flanged shapes.



E. E. SLICK.

MAKING FLANGED SHAPES.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 15, I914.

Lmfiymm Patented June 22, 1915.

2 SHEETSSHEET I.

wfwm' E. E. SLICK.

MAKING FLANGED SHAPES.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 15, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

a By W W m ates, in

Vania.

tneciaeatieii nan: p afljilenfifl m ng 22, 11 15 application filed heeember 15, 1am. serial in.- Waco.

, To all thigh m it iha'ylbofncern Be it known that I, EDWIN lE'. S;nICK, a citizen of the United States, residing in the borough of Westmont, in the count of Cambria and Stateof Pennsylvania, (W ose post-oficeaddress is Johnstown, Pennsylvania,) have invented certain'new and useful improvements in Making Flanged Shapes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descrlptlon of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to Which it appertains tomake and use the same.

My invention relates to making flanged shapes and is particularly adapted to producing sections such as I-beams and similar articles. I have made another application for United'States Letters Patent for apparatus for making these flanged shapes, filed December 24th, 1914, Serial Number 878,957.

I prefer to begin by operating on a metal bloom or ingot, which is substantially of rectangular outline with rounded corners, but mayvif desired'begin with a shape of somewhat different cross-section-with either beads or projections on the upper and lower surfaces, or with rudimentary grooves therein. For the purpose of simplicity of illustration and description ll will describe my improvement beginning with a rectangular bloom of usual proportions-the width of the cross-section being-greater than the depth thereof in any reasonable ratio. '1

may perform the'operations on the. same by means of a rolling mill provided with grooved rolls of certain arrangement, or, by.

means of a forming press, provided with corresponding dies, or by means of a ham mer, or by other methods, but will for'the rther sake of simplicity of description and illustration herein, confine my description to making flanged shapes by rolls, with passes of form and arrangement to suit myinvention. In the drawingsaccompanying this specification I have shown the rolls'as three-high, but they may beaIS tWo-high reversing or non-reversing with respect-to the direction of their rotation as desired. fli first form this rectangular bloom into a rnLdimenta-ry shape with very thick web and thick flanges onall four edges; The web is bent in a curve or otherwise from the central straight line or longitudinalaxis of the cross-sectlon. At the same time in order to obtain the shape desired and perform what 1s known as a slabbing or drawing action' on the rudimentary flanges, those flanges which are preferably the ones adjacent'to the convex or projecting portion of the rudimentary web have their surfaces inclined to the minor central axis of the section, which minor axis is a line drawn approximately at right angles to the original longer boundaries of the approximately rectangular cross-section in the central portion thereof and which minor axis is substantially at right angles to the major axis of the cross-section; which major axis passes through the center of the original rectangular section at approximately right angles to the shorter boundaries'thereof. One or more passes of this kind may be used in succession with the web bent away from the axis of the section in the same direction as described, after which the bar, preferably without turning on its axis is introduced into another and somewhat smaller groove in the rolls which is so provided with tongues and adjacent grooves that the web is bent in an opposite direction from that which it had when it entered said pass and the flanges are also correspondingly inclined in another direction as compared with the previous section.'- This operation is continued using a series comprising one orfmore of each of the passes of the kinds described in succession, passing the material, preferably without turning, through these passes,'so as to bend the web oppositely to its form prior bing action owing to the fact that the pressure on the same'is in a direction inclined to the roll axes whereby the flanges are Y and bends the rudimentary web bodily in the direction of the minor axis of the sectionso that it forms a protuberance or projection on one side and a depression on the other, while at the same time rudimentary flanges on all four corners are formed and this is a particular and novel feature of my invention. .The succeeding features of the invention are carried out in a similar way.

and after one or more passes of the kind described the piece is entered into succeeding passes where without turning the bar on its axis-the web is bent in-a contrary direction and the flanges arealso inclined in opposite directions as compared with their previous positions. By thus bending the web I assist and insure the bending of the flanges without local distortion.

Having thus given a general description of my invention I will now, in order to make the matter more clear, refer to the accompanying two sheets of drawings, in which like characters and like figures denote like parts. Figure 1 is a side elevation of'a set of three-high rolls showin the first four passes or grooves therein; this being known as the first roughing set. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of a set-of three-high rolls showing the next four passes or grooves therein; this being known as the second roughing set. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of a set of rolls showing the last three passes; this being known as the finishing set. Fig. 4: contains 11 illustrations being cross-sections of the metal on an enlarged scale showing the shape thereof in each pass, and in order that my invention may be clearly understood, in some cases the shape and position of the piece as it enters the rolls is. indicated by dotted lines, and the form into which it is bent and shaped as it issues from the rolls is indicated by the.

full and hatched section. Fig. 5 is a crosssection of one of the intermediate passes of the rolls showing the web bent with its surface in a series of approximately flat surfaces instead of curved surfaces as shown by the other illustrations, and outer flange surfaces in different planes. Fig. 6 is a cross section of one of the intermediate sections showing the web bent angularly with a slight rounding at its center which style may be used instead of the other forms illustrated.

Referring now to the characters of reference on the drawings the passes generally in the rolls are consecutively lettered from first to last as A, B, G, D, E, F, Gr, H, I, J, and

K, A representing the first pass and K the last pass and the other passes are lettered in due order of the alphabet.

Referring now to Fig. 4., the cross-section of the bar formed by the pass A is indicated generally as a, and the cross-section of the bar formed by pass B is indicated generally as b, and similarly thebar formed by the pass C is indicated generally as c, the bar formed by the pass D is indicated generally as d, the bar formed by the pass E is indicated generally as e, the bar formed by the pass F is indicated enerally as f, the bar formed by the pass (1% is indicated generally as g, the bar formed by the pass H is indicated generally as k, the bar formed by the pass I is indicated enerally as i, the bar formed by the pass is indicated generally as j, and the bar formed by the pass K is indicated generally as k.

Referring now to Fig. 1, the upper roll of the first roughing set is indicated as 1 the middle roll is indicated as 2 and the lower roll is indicated as 3. The top roll of the second roughing set is 24; the middle roll rudimentary web and flanges, the flanges onthe left/being indicated as 4 and 5 respectivelythose on the right as 6 and 7, while the rudimentary web, which is shown as bent upwardly, is indicatedas 8. The bloom of approximately rectangular section which .enters the first pass A is indicated by dotted lines adjacent to the edges of the shape formed by said pass A as may be seen on referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings, and in this case the bloom is about 50 per cent. wider than it is high in cross-section. Similarly the pass B produces a shape the thick flanges of which on the left side are indicated 21:59 and 10; those on the right side are indicated as 11 and 12, while the web portiorr is indicated as 13. It should be noted that the pair of flanges 11 and 12 are bent to reverse inclinations as compared with the original flanges 6 and 7 from which they are respectively formed, and this is similarly true with respect to the flanges 9 and 10 which are also bent to reverse inclinations as compared with the flanges4 and 5 from which they are produced. The web 13 is also bent in a re verse direction from the web 8 from which it is produced. In other words the web is bent to the other side of the major axis of the section as compared with its previous position, and the flanges are bent to the other sides of lines parallel to the minor axis of the section as compared With their previous positions. It will thus be seen that the bar produced by man-rat the pass A when entering into the pan B has its web bent in the reverse direction, and its flzmges also bent in a, reverse direction as compared with their previous pmfitions and general directions. After lmving the pass 18, the piece is entered into the paw C without turning it on its axis, whereupon the and 20, the pair of flanges 21 and 22 and the web 23 are further reduced in cross-section and bent in reverse direction as compared with their preceding portions. Referring now to Fig. 2, the bar after it leaves the pass I) is entered into the pass'E without turning on its axis and is reduced in cross-section as shown, while the pair of flanges 29 and 30 are also reversed in inclination and the Web 31 is bent in an opposite direction, all as compared with their previous positions on leaving the pass D. After leaving the pass E the bar is inserted without turning on its axis into the pass F where it is still further reduced in cross-section; the pair of flanges 32 and 33 have their inclinations reversed and the pair of flanges 34 and 35 also have their inclinations reversed and the web 36 is bent in opposite direction, all as compared with its previous position. After leaving the pass F the bar is introduced into the pass G where for the first time the Web which was bent is now straightened as at 41, and by reason of this straightening the section becomes of greater depth. In this case the flanges 37 and 39 have their inclinations reversed so that their roll pressures can act upon them to thin them and maintain their length. The flanges 38 and 40, however, are not reversed in inclination but are brought more nearly with their outer surfaces parallel. The diverging disposition of the flanges such as 10 and 12, the similarly diverging position of the opposite flanges l4 and 16; the similar arrangement of the opposite flanges 20 and 22, also, 27 and 29; the opposite flanges 33 and 35, and the opposite flanges 37 and 39, all are such that the tongue of the roll which fits between the same, in connection with the collars of theopposing roll which together form the bearing surfaces of the said flanges during rolling, is such that a very decided reducing action is had upon said flanges, without, however, the tendency to shorten or wire-draw them down as is the case when the flanges are not inclined or diverging, as these are. This permits do rolli to be accomplished more surely, more spe 11y and with a less number of passes than if the flanges were arranged substantially parallel instead of diverging. It should be noted that my preferred, arrangement 1s such that the flanges on the opposite side of the web successively so that all of the flanges have their due share and proportion of work. After leaving the pass G the bar is entered nto the pass H where the previous diverging flanges 37 and 39 are straightened to form the flanges 42 and 44, while the lower -opposite flanges which had previously been substantially parallel; namely, 38 and 40 are now inclined and diverging as shown at 43 and 45 whereby the most work is-done on these latter flanges. In this pass the web 46 is slightly reduced. After leaving the pass H, the bar is enteredinto the pass I where an action similar "to that before described takes place and whereby the flanges 51 and 53 are straightened and made approximately parallel while the flanges 50 and 52 are made diverging and the web 54 is slightly reduced in thickness. The bar is then introduced without turning into the pass J, where the flanges 55 and 57 are again substantially parallel, the flanges 56 and 58 are made are worked upon diverging and the web 59 is slightly reduced 4 in thickness. Finally the bar without turning is introduced into the finishing pass K where all the flanges are made with their exterior surfaces substantially parallel and approximately at right angles to the web, which web is only very slightly reduced in thickness and the whole bar finished to the prose-section desired, the flanges in this pass being indicated as 606162 and 63, and the web being indicated as 64.

-Referring to 'Fig. 5, a modified form of bent web, as indicated in full lines at 65 is composed of three flat surfaces instead of a curve, or as shown in Fig. 6, ha s two flat surfaces as indicated at 66.

Referring now to part of Fig.4, the section at the lower left hand corner thereof, has a web which is indicated at 23 and flanges which are indicated as 19-20 21 and 22, and there is indicated on this ti re,

by dotted lines, the previous form 0 I thev bar which will clearly show the manner in which the change of form and cross-section is made by my method ofrolling. lln order to make this still more clear, this style of illustration has been shown a ain in Fi 4 in connection with one of t e succee mg preliminary forms of bar, the web of which is indicated at 36; the flanges as 32--3334 and 35. In these figures the dotted lines indicate the previous form of the bar, and the full lines show how the bending of the web has been reversed and how the inclination of the flanges has been reversed.

converging or straightening produce a beamof greater depth from a bloom of considerably less width, and for example :-I can make a beam which is 15" deep and with flanges 5% inches or 6 inches or more wide from a bloom which is only 10" wide and 8: thick. The depth is obtained by the primary bending, ultimate straightening of the web, the increase in depth being largely due to straightening its curved form and,

my arrangement of flanges, while the width of flanges is obtained by my method of making them diverging first on one side and then on the other so that the roll passes can work more directly upon them without drawing them down; and in fact in some certain cases I can then draw out the flanges thereby making them longer rather than shorter. The curved web when straightened will give the blank or beam a greater depth over-all than before. By this method I am also enabled to roll beams of larger size from the same stands of rolls as the passes are more compact and require less length along the roll axis.

Referring now to Fig. 4 one of the fundamental or rudimentary forms is shown on the upper left hand corner of this figure in which the thick rudimentary web is indicated as 8 and the pair of lefthand flanges is indicated as 4 and 5 and the righthand pair of flanges as 6 and 7. This forms a blank or startingionmy method of rolling and is a novel and important feature thereof. It will be noted that the Web is all bent in one direction, and it may be said to have a concavo-convex shape, and that the flangeson the upper edges thereof, are diverging and that the said divergent flanges are adjacent to the convex or projecting portion of the web. This. permits the work to be done upon the flanges in the manner before described and illustrated.

Although I have shown and described my improvements in considerable detail, I do not wish to be limited to the exact and specific details shown and described, but may use such substitutions, modifications or T equivalents. thereof, as are embraced within the scope of my invention as pointed out in the claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. The steps in the method of rolling shapes comprising: bending and reducing the intermediate portion of a bloom to form a concave-convex thick web, reducing the edge portions and bending them to divergent positions on one side of the web and to convergent positions on the other side of said web.

2. The method of rolling shapes comprising: bending and reducing the thickness of the intermediate portion of a blank, thereby producing a web projecting on one side and hollow on the other, forming divergent flanges on the edges of one side of said web, forming convergent flanges on the other side of said web, then reducing said web and bending it in direction opposite to its previous position and at the same time reducing the flanges and making the convergent ones divergent and vice versa.

3. The method of rolling flanged shapes comprising a web andflanges on both edges thereofz'which consists in bending the web in one direction, thereby making it project on one side and hollow on the other side,

tion to form a protuberance on one side and a corresponding groove on the other side, reducing the flanges and bending those adjacent to the protuberant side of the web into divergent positions and those adjacent to the grooved side of the web into convergent positions, then reducing the web thickness and bending it oppositely from its previous position, reducing the thickness of the flanges while making the convergent ones divergent and the diverge t ones convergent, then reducing the flan es and making their exterior surface substantially parallel.

5. The steps in the method of rolling flanged shapes comprising a web and flanges on both edges thereof: consisting in reducing the web thickness and bending it in one direction to project on one side, with a corresponding hollow on the other side, reducing the flanges and bending those adjacent to the projecting web into divergent positions and maintaining those on the other side of the web substantially parallel.

6. The steps in the method of rolling flanged shapes comprising a web and flanges on both edges thereof: consisting in reducing the web thickness and bending it in one direction to project on one side with a corresponding groove on the other side, reducing the flanges while bending those adjacent to the projecting web into divergent positions, making those flanges on the other side of the web substantially .parallel and then further reducing said web and flanges while aegan H reversing the bend of the web and changing the inclinations of the flanges.

7. A blank for flanged shapes having a convergent thick flanges on the edge of the concave side of said Web.

8. A blank for thick 'Web projecting on one side,

flanged shapes having a integral 10 thick flanges on both sides of the edges of said web, th

and those 0 ose on one side being divergent n the other side convergent.

9. A blank for flanged shapes comprising a concavo-convex thlck weh, integral diverging flanges on the edges of one side and 15 integral converging flanges on the edges of the other side of said Web.

In testimony whereof I hereto afix my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

EDWIN E. SLICK. 

